4.14 Turbine bypass system 汽轮机旁路系统（选项）
4.14.1 General 概述
The turbine bypass system is designed to perform the following functions, but not be limited to:
汽轮机旁路系统能够实施以下功能（但不限于以下功能）：
Provide steam bypass (via the turbine bypass system) for normal operating conditions (including startup and shutdown) and abnormal transients such as turbine trip, step load reduction, or isolation of the main steam line.
为正常运行条件（包括启动和关闭）和异常瞬态条件（比如汽轮机跳闸、阶梯负载降低或主蒸汽管道的隔离）提供蒸汽旁路（通过汽轮机旁路系统）。
Beijing Chinese Subtitling Translation Service Agency has translated many technical documents about Turbine bypass system.
华译网上海翻译公司曾经翻译过大量有关汽轮机旁路系统资料文件。
4.14.2 Conceptual design criteria 方案设计标准
1 The turbine bypass system is designed to bypass main steam from the inlet manifold directly to the main condensers in a controlled manner thereby allowing the reactor to remain in service following large turbine generator load transients and to be operated independently of the turbine generator..
1. 汽轮机旁路系统能够将入口歧管的主蒸汽以可控制的方式直接旁路到主凝汽器，进而使反应堆能够在大幅度汽轮发电机负载瞬态变化后仍然保持运行，并能够独立于汽轮发电机运行。
2 The turbine bypass system shall have sufficient capacity and transient response capability to permit generator synchronization with the power grid during startup without resulting in reactor trip on steam generator water level. The system shall also have sufficient capacity and transient response capability to permit stable operation of the automatic control of the reactor and to permit manually controlled cooldown of the plant to the point where the residual heat removal system can be placed in service.
2. 汽轮机旁路系统应具有充足的能力和瞬态响应能力，能够在启动过程中使发电机与电网同步，同时不会导致反应堆在蒸汽发电机水位上停堆。系统还应具有充足的能力和瞬态响应能力，以实现反应堆自动控制的稳定运行，并能够实现电站的手动控制冷却，从而可以将余热清除系统投入使用。
3 The system design pressure and the capacity, response capability, and modulation capability of the turbine bypass system shall be sufficient (in combination with the reactor power control system) to meet the requirements in Section 3.1.4.4 for response to a load rejection or turbine trip.
3. 汽轮机旁路系统的系统设计压力和能力、响应能力和调制能力应足以（与反应堆动力控制系统相结合）达到第3.1.4.4.部分中对于甩负荷或汽轮机跳闸响应的要求。
4 The turbine bypass system total flow capacity shall be sufficient, in combination with other Supplier’s features (bypass valve opening time, pressurizer size, reactor power control system) to eliminate challenges to the steam generator power operated relief valves during reactor trip from full power transient and to the pressurizer safety valves during 100% load rejections or turbine trips without reactor trip from 100% power.
4. 汽轮机旁路系统总流量当与供方提供的其他功能（旁路阀门打开时间、加压器规格、反应堆动力控制系统）相结合时应足以消除反应堆因为满功率瞬态而停堆期间蒸汽发电机动力操纵安全阀受到的影响，以及100%甩负荷或汽轮机跳闸过程中对加压器安全阀的影响，同时不会造成反应堆在100%功率时停堆。
5 The turbine bypass system shall be capable of stable control of steam pressure at low reactor power (0～1%) operation.
5. 汽轮机旁路系统应能够在反应堆低功率（0-1%）运行时稳定控制蒸汽压力。
6 The turbine bypass valves shall be capable of quick close and open to meet the requirements of operation of reactor and turbine including startup, shutdown and trip.
6. 汽轮机旁路阀门应能够快速开关，以满足反应堆和汽轮机的运行要求，包括启动、关闭和跳闸。
7 The turbine bypass valves shall be capable of being modulated at a uniform stroke rate for the full stroke. This requirement should be met over the steam pressure range to steam generator design pressure.
7. 汽轮机旁路阀门应能够以均匀冲程速率下针对全冲程进行调制。应在蒸汽发电机设计压力的整个蒸汽压力范围内达到该要求。
8.With a constant modulation signal from the associated controller, the resulting flow from any turbine bypass valve shall have oscillations no greater than + 1 percent of the rated valve flow over the total range of modulation and over the steam pressure range to steam generator design pressure
8. 通过相关控制器发出的恒定调制信号，汽轮机旁路阀相应产生的流量应在整个调制范围内以及蒸汽发电机设计压力的整个蒸汽压力范围内具有不大于+1%额定阀门流量的波动。
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