7.1.8.2 Replacement of Equipment 设备的更换
It should be an objective that I&C equipment has a service life long enough that replacement during the plant life will not be required. Where this is not practical, e.g., no proven components are available, the I&C design shall include features to minimize the impact of the actual replacement and ensure that wearout does not reduce plant availability. The I&C design shall identify the service life of all equipment which must be replaced and outline the timing of the logistic support, e.g., equipment and manpower, which will be required on the part of the Plant purchaser. 应将I&C设备的工作寿命长到足以在电站寿命内不需要更换作为目标。如果这不切实际，比如没有成熟构件可用，则I&C设计应包括相应特征要素，使实际更换的影响达到最小化，并保证磨损不会降低电站的可用性。I&C设计应确定必须更换的所有设备的工作寿命，并拟订后勤支持的时间安排，比如设备和人力，这将是电站买方所需要的。
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维护负担和模块更换的资料文件。
7.1.8.3 Modular Replacement 模块更换
Repair of I&C equipment shall normally be accomplished by simple modular replacement in the field; i.e., rewiring or replacement of individual small components shall be done in the shop, not in the cabinets in the field. I&C设备的维修通常是通过在现场简单更换模块来完成的，也就是说，单个小构件的重新接线或更换应在车间进行，而不是在现场的控制室进行。
7.1.8.4 Time to Detect and Repair a Failure 发现和维修故障的时间
The mean time to detect and repair failures down to the lowest replaceable module, averaged across all types of I&C equipment for the entire design life, shall be less than four hours. The maximum time to detect and repair failures of any I&C module shall be less than eight hours. This time shall include the time to detect the failure, gain access to the faulty equipment, determine the necessary repair, obtain necessary replacements or spares, make the repair or replacement, and verify that the repair has been successfully accomplished. The evaluation of the repair time shall assume that a technician with the necessary skill level and reasonable logistics support will be available at the site. 一直到最底层可更换模块为止，平均发现和维修故障时间——对整个设计寿命内的所有类型I&C设备进行平均——应少于四小时。对于任何I&C模块，发现和维修故障的最长时间应少于八小时。上述时间包括检测发现故障，接触到出现故障的设备，确定需要的维修，获得必要的更换或备件，实施维修或更换，以及核实维修已成功完成。对维修时间的估算应假设具备必要技能水平的技师以及合理的后勤支持可在现场获得。
This requirement applies to all I&C equipment with self-test capability. It shall be an objective to meet this requirement for other I&C equipment where practical. For example, it will probably be impractical to meet this requirement for cables which run from location-to-location within the plant or for sensors in systems which are not accessible to personnel when the plant is in operation. 上述要求适用于所有具有自测能力的I&C设备。在可行的情况下，也应将其他I&C设备满足上述要求作为目标。符合上述要求可能对于某些设备是不切实际的，比如电站内从定点到定点铺设的电缆，以及在电站运行时工作人员无法接触的系统中的传感器。
