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关于焊接材料和焊缝的完成的翻译文件 |
3.2.3. Welding Material 焊接材料
The welding materials must be adapted to the base material, to the manufacturing coatings and base metal modifications, if any. The quality of the welding material must correspond as far as possible to the qualities of the base material.
焊接材料必需适应基底材料、涂层和基底金属修饰（如果有的话）。焊接材料的质量尽可能地对应基底材料的质量。
The welding materials shall neither be damaged or contaminated, nor damp. If necessary, they must be dried according to the supplier's instructions. In lack of instructions, the base electrodes shall be dried for two hours at a temperature of 300 °C, the protective powder for 4 hours at a temperature of 350 to 400 °C.
焊接材料不得伤损、染污或潮湿。必要时，必需按供应商的说明来进行干燥处理。如果没有说明，则基极必需在300°C的温度条件下干燥2小时，防护粉则需在400°C的温度下干燥4小时。
3.2.4. Execution of the Weld Seams 焊缝的完成
The arc ignition must be made downstream the weld so that the ignition point will a posteriori be lost in the melting bath of the weld.
引弧必需在焊缝的下方，以使引弧点在焊接后能消失在焊接熔池中。
In case of multi-pass seams, the surface of the previous layers must be cleared of the slag. The cracks, holes and joint defects shall not be welded over. Flowing out sheets shall preferably be provided at the ends of the weld seams. The shrink cavities at the end of the pass must be avoided.
如果是多道焊缝，必须清除先前焊层的表面的焊渣。裂缝、孔洞和接头缺陷等处不得进行焊接。接流板最好放在焊缝的端部。必需避免焊道端部的收缩孔。
In order to make sure that the welded assembly is perfect, the root pass shall, as a general rule, be gouged, and a fully penetrating seam shall be counter-welded. In case of mono-lateral welding, the welding parameters shall be chosen as to ensure perfect penetration.
为确保焊接总成的质量，按照通行的规则，根部焊道必需是圆凿的，而完全穿透的焊缝则应当是反焊。如果采用单边焊接法，则焊接参数的选择必需保证完全穿透。
The welding parameters shall be chosen as to get seams with flat transitions and to prevent notches. In the event of interrupted fillet welds not clearly dimensioned on the manufacturing drawings, the following values shall apply:
选择焊接参数时，应注意使焊缝能达到平整过渡，并防止缺口。如果在施工图中没有明确标出断续角焊的尺寸，则应当采用下列数值：
Length of the fillet weld L > 6 x a ; L min = 30 mm ; L max = 150 mm.
角焊长度L> 6 x a ; L min = 30 mm ; L max = 150 mm
The weld seams shall be carried out according to DIN 8563 sheet 3 or EN 25817. The corresponding quality classes for evaluation are indicated in the drawings and piece lists. In lack of instructions, the following allowances shall apply:
焊缝应当依照DIN 8563之表3或EN 25817来完成。评估所用的对应质量等级在图纸和工件清单中列出。如果没有说明，则应当采用如下容差：
- exceeding up to 30 % of the seam thickness for any seam type,
－任何类型的焊缝超出焊缝厚度不超过30％；
- provided that the required average thickness is performed, it is allowed, here and there, a seam thickness of loss 10 % for butt welds and less 15 % for fillet welds.
－在达到了要求的平均厚度的条件下，对于有些地方，对接焊时允许10％的焊缝厚度损失，角焊则允许15％。
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