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关于螺栓待装配元件的打孔英中对照翻译文件 |
3.2.8. Elimination of Defects 缺陷的消除
The weld seams which do not meet the required quality must be repaired, knowing that the base material on both sides of the weld seam may be replaced by welding material.
未达到质量要求的焊缝必须加以修补，需考虑到焊缝两边的基材可能由焊接材料来替换。
The components which, after welding, show differences compared to the required shape which exceed the allowance must be straightened. The scope of straightening work shall be limited to a minimum.
如果部件经过焊接后，显出与要求的形状有所差异，而且差值超过了容差限度，则必须加以修正。修正的范围应当限定在最低程度。
3.3. Bolting 螺栓
3.3.1. Boring of the Elements to be Assembled 待装配元件的打孔
The holes can be executed in the workshop according to one of the following procedures:
可以依照下列规程之一，在生产车间打孔：
- drilling,
- punching,
- punching and reaming.
－钻孔；
－冲孔；
－冲压并铰孔。
Punching, however, is prohibited in a welding zone (distance less than 3 d).
不过，在焊接区域禁止冲孔（距离小于3d）。
In the case of adjusted bolts, the holes are imperatively drilled and reamed and with a maximum clearance of 0.3 mm.
如果是使用调节螺栓，则必须采用钻孔和铰孔，而且最大间隙为0.3mm。
For ordinary bolt assemblies, the clearance is provided according to the considered standardizing document.
对于普通的螺栓装配件，则根据采行的标准化文件来提供间隙。
3.3.2. Surface Condition of the Parts to be Assembled 待装配零部件的表面条件
Taking into account the importance of the assembly parts surface condition on the coefficient of friction, it is essential that:
考虑到装配零部件表面条件在摩擦系数方面的重要性，因此，必须要做到以下几点：
- the parts to be assembled are straightened in such a way that they can be put into contact by slight tightening of the bolts,
－待装配的零部件必须达到一定的平直程度，以便轻轻拧上螺栓，这些部件便能互相接触；
- the surfaces are clean, free of grease, paint, dust, etc;
－表面清洁，无油垢、涂料、灰尘等；
The coefficient of friction depends on the surface pretreatment mode and on the quality of the steels the assembly parts are made of; for the steels S235-JR and S355-JR, it is of:
摩擦系数取决于表面处理的方式，也取决于制成装配零部件的钢材质量；对于等级为S235-JR和S355-JR的钢材，摩擦系数为：
- 0.45 when flame descaled or shot blasted,
- 0.30 when prepared by brushing.
－在喷焰除鳞或喷丸时为0.45；
－在刷扫时为0.30
These coefficients of friction factors are given for information only. They must be compared with those given by the manufacturer of the bolts.
这些摩擦系数仅供参考。实际情况中必须与螺栓制造商所给系数进行参较。
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